Unless you have 20% or more of equity in your home, chances are you have an escrow account (also referred to impounds or reserves) for your home owners insurance and property taxes. Lenders want to make sure that they reduce risk by requiring taxes and insurance to be included in your monthly mortgage payment. Property taxes are one of the few items that can take precedence over lien position in the event they were to not be paid. Your first mortgage wants to stay just that, a first mortgage (in the event of a worse case scenario, foreclosure).
Update on Loan Originator Licensing
DFI has announced that Loan Originators who submit the required forms for licensing can continue to do business as usual. This is a change in the original plan of not allowing LOs to take loan applications if they did not submit their MU4 form, fingerprints and application to DFI prior to December 31, 2006. DFI states "Because DFI continues to receive a large volume of applications and because that volume has an impact on DFI’s ability to quickly process the applications, DFI will now allow loan originators to continue originating loans after DFI has received a complete license application. "
Hmmm….so the LOs who could not follow instructions and submit their information by the deadline get a green light to go ahead anyhow? I cannot imagine how many applications they still needs to wade through and how long the tardy LOs would be out of business (previous decision was that they could not complete a loan application until they received their license from DFI and that DFI would process applications in a first come, first serve basis).
I hope this is not a trend with DFI. Colorado’s similar new law has all ready banned 10 Loan Originators. If Washington state has banned any LOs from this new law, I’m not aware of it. Since I’ve covered this topic in previous post, I thought I should provide you with the current update.
What is Escrow?
One of the first-time home buyers I’m currently working with just called me with a few excellent questions. She and her boyfriend have recently made an offer on their next home, with their agent which was accepted. They now have handsome stack of papers from the escrow company (as if the paperwork from the lender wasn’t enough) that caused some questions.
My Interview with Jillayne Schlicke of Ethical Lending Foundation
Jillayne and I go way back and recently have been reacquainted when we both became “Active Contributors” on Rain City Guide. I have really enjoyed reading and responding to her blogs. I am also quite interested in her company, Ethical Lending Foundation, which is very timely for the mortgage industry in light of new licensing laws and continuing education requirements.
Q: What prompted you to create Ethical Lending Foundation?
My business partner, Dr. Kevin Boileau and I do work in the area of applied professional ethics. Any profession that has to be licensed also has a code of ethics with mandatory training. An example is the Nat’l Assoc of Realtors Code of Ethics. Every four years, all Realtors nationwide must complete an ethics class. We write codes of ethics and have read hundreds of codes from all different industries. We have been writing and publishing articles in trade journals for many years now about the current codes of ethics available through The Nat’l Assoc of Mortgage Brokers, Mortgage Bankers Association of America, and the Nat’l Assoc of Professional Mortgage Women. We approached WAMB and NAPMW and offered to re-write their code. NAPMW declined and WAMB wanted us to do our work for free.
When the Department of Financial Institutions changed the Washington State law mandating all education course providers go through a professional organization, we decided to form a new professional organization with the absolute highest ethical standards, much higher than NAMB, MBAA, and NAPMW, and open up membership to all lending workers: loan officers from banks, loan originators from brokers, and so forth.
The biggest change we offer consumers is that members of our organization subscribe to put the client’s interest above their own interests. This prescribes "fiduciary duties" and elevates the status of our members to that of a "Professional."
The basic definition of Professional as a noun (and not as an adjective, as in "Jillayne is answering these questions in a professional manner") is as follows:
A Professional is someone who:
Has specialized knowledge in his or her subject area
Completes a minimum level of education
Is tested for competency
Is licensed
Maintains that license with mandatory continuing ed
Subscribes to a code of ethics with sanctions for violations
Owes fiduciary duties to clients
The easiest examples to see how this works is a doctor or a lawyer. The nice benefit for lenders who rise to the level of being a Professional is that you get to charge more for your services. Paralegals are another example. There was a group of legal secretaries who figured out that they were doing a whole bunch of legal work, and they didn’t have a law degree. They got together and formed a professional organization and now they get to charge a whole lot more money for their services.
In any narrative history of any profession, we will always see movement towards requiring MORE education, testing, higher ethical standards, more prescribed duties, as compared to any movement towards requiring LESS of these things.
I’m more of a DO-er instead of a talker. Dr. Boileau and I grew bored with all the talk about higher standards and decided to DO something about it. We have received favorable responses coming from all across the U.S.
Q: Sometimes your blog posts target mortgage brokers. What’s up with that?
I love mortgage brokers! But sometimes they get myopic and aren’t able to see that even though they are operating their business with a high degree of professionalism and ethics, that not everyone else in their industry is doing this. When consumers hear the word "predatory lending" to them, that means anyone in lending: banker, broker, credit union, consumer finance company. We all know that P-lending can take place at any institution. Consumers have become less trustworthy of all lenders, because they don’t really understand the difference between how institutions are regulated. The broker community likes to point the finger outward at banks or at consumers for being un-educated. A better action plan would be to figure out how to differentiate brokers so much that they are the institutions with the absolute highest ethical standards and offer the best choice for consumer trust. This is the change I would like to help influence. Sometimes that means taking a bold stand and using radical, satiric references in order to get the attention of industry workers who normally just go on about their day thinking that someone else will solve the world’s problems. It will be all of us, slowly working
together every day.
Q: How has blogging impacted your career?
Oh, I’m not sure blogging has impacted my career. It’s too early in the advent of this medium to really have any meaningful data. Ask me this question again in six months. I can speculate on how it might impact what I do for the industry.
I think of blogging as another form of education. When online learning hit the world, I was unimpressed. It started out as correspondence classes put on a computer. Very boring. I remember finishing what was suppose to be a 3 hour class on Fair Housing in 19 minutes. Then we saw the online learning world add graphics and mini quizzes which made us pay more attention, but online learning is still kind-of one-dimensional. I think blogging might have a future in online education.
Q: What do you do for fun?
I play adult co-ed indoor soccer which provides a healthy aggressive outlet for all my energy. I also go to school at Antioch U in Seattle. I’m almost done with my Masters degree in Psych and I’m studying the relationship between business ethics, philosophy, and moral psychology. I have always been fascinated by the question "why do people do what they do?" I have two active daughters so I’m always running around having fun with them. Kids are avid tech sponges. My younger daughter walked up to a cell phone on display at the Sprint store and took my picture. And I’m the techie in the family! I think if we just simply watch what our kids are doing with communication devices and media, we will see how blogging will impact business in the years to come. In some elementary schools, they are already using blogging as a learning tool.
If you would like to learn more about Ethicial Lending Foundation, please contact Jillayne. Jillayne, thank you for being my first blog interview!
Before You Go to Your Signing Appointment
EDITOR’S NOTE: This post has been updated. Click here to read the most current version.
1. Bring a cashier’s check. A good lender will do everything in their power to provide escrow with instructions in a timely manner so that they can, in turn, give you the dollar amount required as soon as possible. Sometimes, you may only get a day or two of notice before escrow contacts you with this information. The reason this can occur so late in the process is because all the loan documents have to be prepared by the lender and are then delivered to the escrow company with our instructions. The escrow company then creates a HUD-1 Settlement Statement which determines exactly how much funds you need to bring to closing. When you are told the amount, you need to obtain a cashier’s check payable to the escrow company and bring it with you to the closing appointment. A personal check is a no-no. NOTE: If you are considering wiring funds to the escrow company, please contact them in advance to discuss this process.
2. Bring a copy of your Good Faith Estimate. You will want to compare it to the Estimated HUD-1 Settlement Statement that will be presented to you at the signing. Hopefully, the Escrow Officer has provided your Loan Originator a copy of the HUD in advance for them to review it prior to your appointment.
3. Bring your current driver’s license. The notary must see them for proof you are you! Some may require two forms of identity.
4. Bring anything else that the escrow company or lender request. Sometimes the lender may need you to bring follow up documentation to closing (such as originals, paystubs, etc.).
5. Bring directions to the escrow company. Be sure to get specific directions to the escrow company from the escrow company (or visit www.mapquest.com). Please be on time. Escrow companies are often very busy and generally on time.
6. Plan on your signing taking approximately 45 – 60 minutes. If you would like to have more time to read your documents, or to have an attorney review them for you, ask your lender in advance so they can accommodate having a copy of your loan documents available to you in advance. Your loan package is about an inch of paper. If you want to read it word for word, you should get a copy beforehand.
7. Sign your documents as your names appear. Sign your name within the County’s required borders for recordings. This avoids last minute corrections or delays in your closing. You may want to do some hand exercises before signing (just teasing—well, kind of).
If you have questions regarding your loan documents or program, please call your Loan Originator. Don’t be shy! The signer may not be familiar with your specific loan program.
After signing your documents, escrow sends the original required documents to the title company who, after reviewing, delivers them to the County. With our company, the funding department also reviews the loan documents and verifies all conditions are met.
At this point, the lender coordinates with the escrow company to release the funds and to record the documents on the scheduled day for closing. Typically either the escrow company or your real estate agent will contact you once your transaction has recorded.
Preapproval Letters Defined
The preapproval letter is a tool typically drafted by a loan originator to be used by a buyer’s real estate agent when presenting an offer on a property. The letter may be in the form of a certificate or be an actual letter on the lender’s letterhead. The preapproval letter is intended to assure the seller and the listing agent that the buyer has been buyer has been approved by the lender and therefore accepting an offer from this buyer, there should ideally not be any financing issues with the buyer.
When I prepare a preapproval letter, it usually contains the following (depending on the program):
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Effective date.
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The borrower’s names (who is approved for financing).
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The sales price and loan amounts they are approved for.
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The type of financing is confirmed (ex. Conventional, FHA, etc.)
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Credit has been reviewed.
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Employment and income has been confirmed.
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Down payment and closing cost have been verified.
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Any closing costs that are being requested to be paid for from the seller.
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Any item the preapproval is subject to (such as satisfactory appraisal, title, complete purchase and sale agreement, etc.).
If these items have not been actually verified with proper documentation, then a buyer has been prequalified—not preapproved. BIG DIFFERENCE. Being prequalified essentially means that a verbal interview has been conducted without providing all of the necessary supporting documents (pay stubs, W2s, bank statements—again, depending on the type documentation required for the specific loan “full doc” to “no doc”). In addition, a Good Faith Estimate does not constitute a preapproval, it does detail the proposed loan scenario.
The preapproval letter does not contain private information such as a buyer’s credit score or their additional assets. It is a sales tool for the buyer’s agent and if there are multiple offers presented on a home, having a strong preapproval letter is an advantage. This is one reason why it is crucial for buyers to become preapproved before they begin shopping for their next home. Many listings agents will not even consider an offer unless the buyer has been preapproved.
The preapproval letter is generally effective for 90 days a specific amount of days, typically when most lenders consider the credit report “expired”. Updating a preapproval letter is simply re-running the credit and possibly obtaining most recent income and asset documentation (paystubs and bank statements). On occasion, the buyer’s agent may request a revised preapproval letter if they are presenting an offer on a home that is priced for less than what the buyer is approved for and if they are asking for closing costs.
Real estate agents may also consider who the preapproval letter is from, and they may contact the lender to confirm the buyer is indeed prepproved and not just prequalified. Many agents will tell you that the preapproval letter is only worth the paper it’s printed on. This is also why it’s very important to be selective with lender you work with…it could possibly impact whether or not your offer is accepted on your next home.
If you’re considering purchasing a home located anywhere in Washington state and need a preapproval letter, I’m happy to help you!
EDITORS NOTE: This post has been updated since credit reports are no longer “valid” for 90 days with most lenders.
Loan Originator Licensing Links
Try saying that 3 times fast! I’m preparing for my presenation at the Greater Eastside Escrow Association on Thursday on Loan Originator Licensing. I’m going to feel a little like the wolf in front of the hen house…although I’ll be out numbered! It’s actually all good. I have a background in title and escrow in my past life before I was a lender. Since I’m working on assembling a list to hand out to the Escrow Officers, I thought it might be more convenient to post the website regarding licensing here.
Mortgage Broker Practices Act Rules
Washington State’s Broker and Loan Originator Licensing Law Chpt. 208-660 WAC
DFI’s List of Licensed Loan Originators (this is very backlogged…I’m not on it yet and I should be. So please don’t assume that because a LO’s name is not on the list that they didn’t pass the background check).
Rain City Guide blog that I authored, Licensed to Loan
Ethical Lending Foundation — offers clock hour approved courses for loan origintors.
I’m sure there’s more information available…this is just a quick place to start! If you have suggestions for other links I should post here, please comment and let me know.
Not a Good Option
Yesterday, one of my clients asked me about Pay Option ARMs. These loans are probably the most heavily advertised products promoted on the radio. I cringe every time I hear the announcer boast about the low start rates of anywhere from 1 – 3%. Pay Option ARMs are marketed by many different names, such as pick-a-payment or cash flow ARMs.
A newer Option ARM program features a fixed period for the minimum payment and a fixed rate for a five year term. Every month, when the mortgage payment is due, the borrower has the choice of what kind of payment they would like to make typically based on four different selections.
Here’s an example of what a fixed period Option ARM could look like.
Option 1: Minimum Payment–an interest only payment at 3% under the note rate available for the first five years of the loan (NEGATIVE AMORTIZATION).
Option 2: Interest Only–an interest only payment based on the note rate available for the first 10 years of the loan term.
Option 3: 30 Year or 40 Year Fixed–A full principle and interest payment amortized over either a 30 or 40 year term.
Option 4: 15 Year Fixed–A full principle and interest payment over a 15 year term.
Sounds great, right? Wrong. I know a lot of lenders offer this product. And, at least this option ARM offers a controlled minimum payment for a five year term. However, how many people are going to make a principle and interest payment when they receive their mortgage coupon?
Negative Amortization (deferred interest is the nicer term) is the difference between your note rate payment (the actual payment due) and the minimum payment (the low teaser rate). In this case, every time you opt to make the lower payment, the difference is tacked on to your mortgage balance. There are ceilings in place that will prevent all of your equity from being gobbled up from your mortgage called “negative amortization cap”. This loan particular program (option ARMs vary from lender to lender, and this is just one that we could offer, if I don’t persuade you otherwise) features a cap of 115%. This means that once you’ve made minimum payments long enough to increase your original mortgage balance by 15%, your loan terms will change and you no longer have the minimum payment available as one of your options (this is referred to as “recasting”).
Option ARMs can also impact your credit scores for the worse. Credit scoring modules give more favorable scores when balances are decreasing and worsen if balances are shown above the credit limit. If your original mortgage is $200,000 and due to negative amortization, the current balance is $215,000 (for example) your credit scores will be dinged as it appears to the scoring system that you’ve extended beyond over your credit limit on your mortgage.
These loans may work for seasoned investors who do not plan on utilizing the minimum payment option unless, perhaps, they have a rental without a tenant. However, the majority of homeowners who have Option ARMs don’t fully understand how this animal works or that they are trading equity for lower payments until it sneaks up on them. It’s not a program that I recommend for my clients when there are so many better programs available that won’t jeopardize home equity.
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